One of the tilings discovered R. Ammann in 1977, when he found several sets of aperiodic prototiles, i.e., prototiles with matching rules forcing nonperiodic tilings. These were published much later, in 1987, in [GS87] , where they were named Ammann A2 (our Ammann Chair), Ammann A3, Ammann A4, and Ammann A5 (better known as Ammann Beenker). The A4 tilings are mld to the well-known Ammann Beenker tilings. Thus they share most properties with the latter.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Polytopal Windowed Tiling Canonical Substitution Tiling Parallelogram Tiles Self Similar Substitution Mld Class Ammann

In 1977 R. Ammann found several sets of aperiodic tiles. This one (his set A5) is certainly the best-known of those. It allows tilings with perfect 8fold symmetry. The substitution factor is $1+\sqrt{2}$ - sometimes called the ‘silver mean’ - which was the first irrational inflation factor known which is not related to the golden mean. In 1982 F. Beenker described their algebraic properties, essentially how to obtain it by the projection method, following the lines of N.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Polytopal Windowed Tiling Canonical Substitution Tiling Rhomb Tiles Mld Class Ammann Matching Rules

A self-similar version of the Ammann-Benker tiling. The colours of the triangles in the rule image indicate the orientation of the triangles: the orange triangle is just the ochre triangle reflected. Hence the rhomb supertile has two axes of mirror symmetry.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Euclidean Windowed Tiling Polytopal Windowed Tiling Canonical Substitution Tiling Polytopal Tiles Parallelogramm Tiles Self Similar Substitution

The FASS-curve of the pentagon bases on an aperiodic substitution tiling with four substitution rules and appropriate decorations. The substitution tiling was derived from the Robinson Triangle Tiling. Its inflation factor is the golden mean $\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2} + \frac{1}{2} = 1.618033988\ldots$.

Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration FASS_curve

The substitution can be expressed by using the real inflation factor $\sqrt{\tau} = 1.272\ldots$, where $\tau=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}$ is the golden mean. This factor is not a PV number. Nevertheless, the tiling is pure point diffractive, and it is a cut and project tiling, see [Gel97] , [Dv00] . Thus the right point of view is to consider it as a tiling with the inflation factor sqrt(-tau), which is a complex PV number.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Polytopal Windowed Tiling Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution

The Gosper Curve is a FASS-curve which can be derived by a substitution tiling with one substitution rule and appropriate decorations. The inflation factor $q$ is $sqrt(7)$.

Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration Limitperiodic FASS_curve

The original Heighway Dragon Curve as described in [gar1967] , can be derived by a substitution tiling with one substitution rule and appropriate decoration. However, it is not a FASS-curve because it is not self avoiding. With the results in [pau2021] it is possible to derive a substitution tiling which generates a Heighway Dragon FASS-Curve without disturbing self similarity. In detail the decoration on the proto tile is shifted away from the corners in different ways.

Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration Limitperiodic FASS_curve

The Hilbert Curve is one of the earliest FASS-curves. The original algorithm in [hil1891] bases on one substitution rule and an additional rule which describes how the substitutes have to be connected. As briefly mentioned in [pau2021] it is also possible to create the Hilbert Curve by a substitution tiling with two substitution rules and appropriate decorations. The inflation factor $q$ is 2 and the lines are shifted slightly away from the center of the sides to illustrate the matching rules.

Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration Limitperiodic FASS_curve

This is a variation of the pinwheel substitution. The kite-domino tilings are mld to the pinwheel tilings. The two prototiles are made of two pinwheel triangles, glued together at their long edge. There are two ways to do so, one gives a kite (a quadrilateral with edge lengths 1,1,2,2) and a domino (a rectangle with edge lengths 1,2,1,2). Then the substitution rule is obtained by considering two steps of the pinwheel substitution as one step.

With Decoration Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution Mld Class Pinwheel

The Monnier Trapezium and Diamond tiling uses two prototiles, a trapezium and a rhomb. The inflation multiplier is $2$. By changing the chiralities of the prototiles within the first level supertiles several further variants can be derived.

Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration Limitperiodic

The Peano Curve is one the earliest known FASS-curves. The original algorithm in [pea1890] bases on one substitution rule and an additional rule which describes how the substitutes have to be connected. As briefly mentioned in [pau2021] it is also possible to create the Peano Curve by a substitution tiling with two substitution rules and appropriate decorations. The inflation factor $q$ is 3 and the lines are shifted slightly away from the center of the sides to illustrate the matching rules.

Finite Local Complexity Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution With Decoration Limitperiodic FASS_curve

This substitution tiling is the example of substitution tilings with infinite rotations. Its statistical and dynamical properties were studied in several papers by C. Radin, see for instance [Rad92] , [Rad97] . In particular, it was shown that the orientations of triangles in the pinwheel tiling are equally distributed in the circle. Despite the occurrance of irrational edge lengths and incommensurate angles, all vertices of the pinwheel tiling have rational coordinates.

With Decoration Finite Local Complexity Saduns Generalised Pinwheels Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution Mld Class Pinwheel

In connection with physical quasicrystals, the most interesting 2dim tilings are based on 5-, 8-, 10- and 12-fold rotational symmetry. This 12-fold tiling was studied by F. Gähler, in particular its cut and project scheme, the local matching rules and diffraction properties [Gah88]. The window of the vertex set of the shield It is mld to the Socolar tiling, thus they share many interesting properties. One is that they possess a local matching rules.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Euclidean Windowed Tiling Polytopal Windowed Tiling Polytopal Tiles Mld Class Shield And Socolar Matching Rules

A classical example of a substitution with inflation factor 2. It arises from the well-known related rep-tile. It is not easy to see that this one is limitperiodic. This was shown in [LM01] , thus this one is a cut and project tiling, and therefore pure point diffractive. The prototile is not mirror symmetric. It occurrs in two versions in the tiling. The colours indicate if a tile is left- or right-handed.

With Decoration Finite Rotations P Adic Windowed Tiling Polytopal Tiles Rep Tiles Self Similar Substitution

MLD to the more popular chair tiling, this version allows a simple translation into a coloured lattice: Replace each square of type i (1,2,3, or 4) with its midpoint, and assign to it colour i. Then each set of all points of colour i is a model set with internal p-adic space with p=2. This was first shown in [BMS98], a general framework is given in [LMS03].

With Decoration Finite Rotations P Adic Windowed Tiling Polytopal Tiles Self Similar Substitution Parallelogram Tiles Rhomb Tiles Mld Class Chair

There is a very simple rule to transform the wheel tiling into the shield tiling: Replace each edge in the tiling by an edge orthogonal to it, of equal length, such that the old and new edge intersect in their midpoints. Applying this rule to the wheel tiling yields the shield tiling and vice versa. This is a very simple example of tilings which are mld.

With Decoration Finite Rotations Euclidean Windowed Tiling Polytopal Windowed Tiling Polytopal Tiles Mld Class Shield And Socolar